Archive for January, 2010
Friday, January 29th, 2010
The Various Website Creation Languages
The most common language with which Web sites are constructed is the HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) and its derivatives. HTML is interpreted by special software called web browser: the most famous include Firefox and Internet Explorer.
Some plugins for browsers allow the display of animated content such as Flash, Shockwave or Java applets.
Some content may be generated dynamically on the user’s browser, for example via JavaScript or Dynamic HTML, technologies supported by default by all modern browsers.
For building dynamic websites that can extract data from databases, send emails, manage contact information, etc. Now, the most common scripting languages are PHP and ASP.
PHP (short name for Hypertext Preprocessor) is a scripting language originally designed for producing dynamic web pages. It can be downloaded free of cost from its parent website, www (dot) php (dot) net.
ASP (short name for Active Server Pages) uses an ASP scripting engine and is developed by Microsoft and helps in building dynamic web pages. ASP helps fast building and deployment of web applications and web services easily.
For the creation of websites many webmasters commonly use automated tools, called web editor, whereby write the code without having a thorough knowledge.
Access To Web Pages
The pages of a website can be accessed through a common root (called “domain name” for example “www.kernel.org”), followed by a series of optional “sub folders” and the name of the page. The full name of each page is called “web address” or, more technically, URI (or URL).
The home page of a site is the first page that you get just by typing the domain name.
For example, in www.w3c.org/Consortium/Offices/role.html:
* Www.w3c.org/ is the root, or domain name
* Consortium / Offices / subfolders are separated by “/”
* Role.html is the name of the page
Usually the pages of a site all reside on the same Web server, and branching into subfolders of the address corresponds to an equal branch of the same hard disk server.
Legal issues
Legal aspects related to the publication of documents on a website are often controversial, since documents sites in a given nation are also made available from places with very different laws and customs, but also because the same laws of individual nations follow with difficulty continuous and rapid evolution of the Web
In general, the site content is subjected to the conditions of use of the web space provider (hosting) and the laws of the country in which it is located (e.g., copyright laws, pornography, etc.).
Some Web Professionals
Among other functions are the creation of Web sites include:
- The webmaster, who designs the site and is responsible
- The expert in information architecture (information architect), which is responsible for organizing the entire site and the navigation structure
- The content manager, which is responsible for drafting the content and logical structure
- The web designer, who is responsible for the graphic (web layout designer)
- The programmer or developer who is responsible for the conduct of the pages
- Expert web marketing, which is responsible for promoting the site on the web
- * Responsible SEO (search engine optimization), which deals with the site’s ranking within search engine indexes.
- The system, which manages the network, hardware and basic software of the Web server that hosts the site.
Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.
Tags: types of websites, what is a web site, what is a website
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Friday, January 29th, 2010
Types Of Websites (Summary):
There are many varieties of websites, each specializing in a particular type of content or use, and may be arbitrarily classified in many ways. A few classifications may include:
- Archive site: used to preserve valuable electronic content threatened with extinction. Two examples are: Internet Archive, which since 1996 has preserved billions of old (and new) web pages and Google Groups, in which till early 2005 there are more than 845,000,000 archived messages posted in newsgroups / Usenet discussion, following its acquisition of Deja News.
- Website Weblog (or blog): site used to log online readings or to post online diaries; may include discussion forums. Examples: Blogger, Xanga, LiveJournal, WordPress, and www.x0101.com.
- Company Website: used to promote a business or service.
- E-commerce site: for purchasing goods, such as Amazon.com.
- Site of virtual community: a place where people with similar interests communicate with others, usually by chat or forums. For example: MySpace, Facebook, Hi5, Multiply, and Orkut.
- Database site: a site where the primary use is to search and display of specific content database as the Internet Movie Database.
- Development site: a site for the purpose of which is to provide information and resources related to software development, web design, etc.
- Web directory: a site that contains varied contents which are divided into categories and subcategories, such as the Yahoo!, The Google Directory and the Open Directory Project.
- Download site: strictly used for downloading electronic content, including software, games demos and wallpapers: Download, Tucows, Softonic, and Baulsoft.
- Game site: a site that is itself a game or “playground” where many people come to play, such as MSN Games, Pogo.com and VidaJurasica MMORPGs, Planetarion, and Kings of Chaos.
- Information site: Contains content that is intended to inform visitors, but not necessarily for commercial purposes, such as: RateMyProfessors (dot) com, Free Internet Lexicon and Encyclopedia. Most governments and educational institutions and nonprofit have an information site.
- News Room site: Similar to an information site, but dedicated to show news and commentary.
- Pornographic (porn) site: sample images and videos of sexually explicit content.
- Web browser site: a site that provides general information and is intended as an entry or search for other sites. A pure example is Google, and the best known type of browser is Yahoo!
- Shock site: includes images or other material intended to be offensive to most visitors.
- Website auctions site: auction items online, like eBay.
- Personal Web site: Maintained by an individual or small group (e.g., family) that contains information or any content that the person wants to include.
- Web portal: a website that provides a starting point, entrance or portal to other resources on the Internet or an intranet.
- Web 2.0 site: a site where users are responsible for maintaining the application live, using cutting edge technologies: examples are: Pike and Flickr.
- Creator of sites: it is basically a site that lets you create other sites, using online tools work as PageCreative.
- Wiki site: a place where users collaboratively edit (e.g., Wikipedia).
- Political site: a website where people can express their political views. Example: New Confederacy.
- Membership web site: Site which may or may not require payment, (one-time or on monthly basis), to access the website. On payment of the membership, the user receives a log-in ID and a password which allows access to the inner pages. These are widely popular websites that enclose valuable information pertaining to some specific niche markets.
- Ratings site: a place where people can praise or disparage what appears.
- Educational sites: promote courses and distance information to teachers and students can view or download contents of subjects or themes.
- Web spam site: website without valuable content that has been created solely for profit and publicity purposes, deceiving the search engines.
Continued…
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Friday, January 29th, 2010
Website Categories
The websites are then commonly divided into categories to frame the area of operation or services offered:
- Personal website – run by individuals or small groups of people (like family), which contains information mainly autobiographical or focus on their personal interests (eg. A blog)
- Corporate site – functional promotion of a business or service
- E-Commerce site (or “e-commerce”) – specializes in the sale of goods and / or services via internet
- Community site – a site where users can communicate with each other, for example through chat or forums, forming a virtual community
- Download site – large collections of links to download software (video game demos, pictures, etc.).
- Forum – a place to discuss by posting and reading messages, organized for discussions (threads) and messages (post)
- Informative site – with content aimed at informing the user, but not strictly for commercial purposes
- Search Engine – keeps track of the contents of other sites and makes them available for research
- Database site – a site whose main use is to search and display the contents of a specific database (e.g., the Internet Movie Database for movies)
- Fun site – a site that is in itself a game or serve as arena to allow multiple people to play
- News aggregator - taking them automatically from the network offers content from many sources simultaneously, and is similar in this to search engines that exploit the results of user searches aggregating and storing them in a database using criteria such as type of media (photos, video, text, etc.) and textual content. The result is a site that is growing exponentially and is enriched at infinity of pages with content relating to the subject of the basic set during installation but aging on user preferences, all automatically.
- Link farms – sites created solely to offer links to other sites (often in exchange for royalties in cash)
Many sites are a cross between two or more of the above categories. For example, a corporate site can simultaneously advertise their products and publish materials. This type is also called a ‘portal website’ which constitute a starting point, a gateway to a large group of resources for web users, the topic of the portal may be more or less general or specialized (called a vertical portal).
Some websites have restricted areas or sections accessible only upon payment of a fee, registration, or assignment of a password. These type of websites are also called membership websites.
There are a wide range of software systems, as the programming language PHP, Active Server Pages (ASP) and Java Server Pages (JSP) that are available to generate systems of dynamic websites. Dynamic sites often include content that is retrieved from one or more databases or by using XML-based technologies such as RSS.
Static content can also be dynamically generated periodically or if certain conditions occur for regeneration to prevent loss of starting the engine performance dynamic for each user or for each connection.
There are plugins available for browsers, which are used to display active content such as Flash, Shockwave or applets written in Java. Dynamic HTML also provides for user interactivity and the element of real-time updating between web pages (ie, the pages do not have to be loaded or reloaded to effect any changes), mainly using the DOM and JavaScript, support which is integrated into most modern web browsers. This topic is very wide and every day there are new models of highly professional pages.
Lately, as the social commitment of many governments, it is recommended that Web sites meet accessibility standards for them, can be visited and used by as many people as possible regardless of their physical limitations or those arising from their environment. Web accessibility guidelines are contained in the Web Content Accessibility 1.0 W3C WCAG.
Continued…
Tags: website categories, what is a web site, what is a website
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Friday, January 29th, 2010
What Is A Website (Web Site)?
A website is a set of web pages, typically common to a domain name or sub-domain on the World Wide Web on the Internet.
A website is a document HTML / XHTML usually accessible via the HTTP Internet protocol. All publicly accessible websites constitute as the “World Wide Web” of information.
The pages of a website are accessed from a common root URL called the home page, and usually reside on the same physical server. The URL pages organized in a hierarchy, although the hyperlinks between them control how the reader perceives the overall structure and how the traffic flows between the different parts of the sites.
Some websites require a subscription to access some or all of its contents. Examples of subscription sites include many Internet pornography sites, parts of many news sites, gaming sites, forums, email services and web-based sites that provide stock data in real time.
Usually a website is managed (created, maintained and updated) by a so-called webmaster, but there are other possibilities:
- Website updates itself automatically and permanently on a database;
- Its pages are created dynamically and automatically according to user actions within a web application;
- Website is created and is administered either by its users – see Web 2.0.
Web Site: Overview
It is another organization and is typically dedicated to some particular topic or purpose. Any website can contain hyperlinks to any other website, so that the distinction between individual sites, as perceived by the user, may sometimes be blurred.
Not to be confused with web site, the latter is just an HTML file, and is part of a website. By entering an address, such as www.wikimedia.org, provided the reference is to a website, which has an initial HTML page, which is the first thing they see. The Internet search is done by associating the DNS entered the IP address of the server containing the website in which the HTML page is searched.
Websites are written in HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), or dynamically converted to this and are accessed using a software called web browser, also known as an HTTP client. Websites can be viewed or accessed from a range of devices with Internet availability as personal computers, laptops, PDAs, and mobile phones.
A website is hosted on a computer known as a web server, also called an HTTP server, and they may also refer to the software running on this computer and that retrieves and delivers the pages of a website in response to user requests. Apache is the most commonly used as a web server and Internet Information Services (IIS) from Microsoft also commonly used.
A website typically consists of several web pages. A Web page is a document created with HTML markup language and (optionally) programming languages such as PHP, ASP etc. being accessible to visitors through the HTTP protocol, which transfers information from server to browser. Web page is called so because, displayed on a monitor, it is like a newspaper page: websites usually have a width which fits entirely on the screen.
Instead, the page can be even much higher (deeper) than the screen height, it can still be easily displayed using the normal functions of mouse and browser used by “pulling” up and down. Also, a website can be viewed on any Internet-connected device capable of displaying information via the HTTP protocol (some mobile phones, PDAs, etc.).
A site consists of several pages and has a main entry page called a Homepage or main homepage, which has outgoing links chiefly to inner web pages. Structures and patterns of “navigation” inside websites are very different, depending on the goals, desires and other information.
A static website is one that has content that is not expected to change frequently and is manually maintained by some person or persons using any editor program. There are two broad categories of programs used for this purpose editors are:
- Text editors like Notepad, where the HTML is manipulated directly in the editor program, or
- “What You See Is What You Get” (WYSIWYG) editors such as Microsoft FrontPage and Adobe Dreamweaver, where the site is edited using a GUI interface and the underlying HTML automatically generated with the program editor.
A dynamic website is one that may have frequent changes in the information. When the web server receives a request for a page on a website, the page is automatically generated by the software in direct response to the request of the page, thus opening up for many more possibilities, for example: The site can display the status current dialogue between users, monitor a changing situation, or provide personal information in some way to individual user requirements.
Continued…
Tags: what is a web site, what is a website
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Friday, January 29th, 2010
Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
It stands for Web Services Description Language, XML-based standard to describe the service as the COM, where he brings the methods of the Web Service. It functions as a kind of “TypeLibrary” Web service, and is used for the validation of calls of methods.
The WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is a specification developed by the W3C for describing Web Services in a XML format.
The WSDL is extensible to allow description of the services and their messages, regardless of message formats and network protocols that are used. However, it is common to use the MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) and HTTP: / / SOAP.
The WSDL describes the services available to the network through a semantic XML, this provides the necessary documentation to be called a distributed system and the procedure required for this communication is established. While SOAP specifies the communication between a client and a server, the WSDL describes the services offered.
Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI)
The UDDI is an initiative developed within the industrial consortium UDDI originally promoted by IBM, Microsoft and Arriba, aiming to accelerate the interoperability and use of Web services, the proposal for a Service Name Registration organizations and service description. This Protocol was developed for the organization and registration of Web Services.
A UDDI registry contains three types of information:
• General information of each organization, such as name, address, phone and contacts;
• Information organizations and services by category of business;
• Technical information about the services provided by organizations.
UDDI provides three main functions, known as publication, discovery and connection:
1) Posted: allows an organization to disclose the (s) your (s) service (s),
2) Discovery: Allows the customer service, search and find a particular service,
3) Connection (bind): allows customer service, can connect and interact with the service.
WS-I
It is the consortium that ensures the integration of Web Services to always ensure that Web services can “talk to itself”.
Ongoing Development In Web Services
The success of Web services may be submitted necessarily entails the willingness of the industry by sharing and openness of the standardization process and the resulting own specifications. A significant part of this process has been developed under the W3C.
However, it should be also noted other efforts and consortia that have been developed, including UDDI, ebXML, or XML / EDI. For example, ebXML is an effort sponsored by UN / CEFACT and OASIS, whose aim is to produce a set of specifications to enable e-business collaborations.
The ebXML standard can be seen as an extension to feature description, publication and service discovery (defined in the UDDI), to discuss the following issues: how to specify business processes, how to identify the Web Services participants and their collaborations; or trading patterns that exist in the collaboration between the participants. These aspects are treated including the following specifications:
1) Schema for specifying business processes, BPSS (business process specification schema),
2) Agreements of cooperation protocols, CPA (Collaboration Protocol agreement),
3) Or profiles of working arrangements, CPP (collaboration protocol profile).
Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.
Tags: uddi, universal description discovery and integration, web service solutions, web services description language, wsdl
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